Finishing operation with Stenter Machine

Stenter Machine

Stenter machine:      01

Brand name:               Babcock

Company:                   Babcock teximaschinen GMBH

Origin:                        Germany

Stenter machine:      02

Brand name:               Babcock

Company:                   Babcock teximaschinen GMBH

Origin:                        Germany

Stenter machine:      03

Brand name:               Montex 5000

Company:                   Monforts Montex

Origin:                        Germany

 

Technical Information:

1.     Working width:          3m maximum

2.     Speed:                       Maximum 100m/min

3.     Capacity of mangle:   100Litre

4.     Padder pressure:        4.0bar

5.     Fabric enterpath:        pin and clip combination

6.     Over feeding system range: 10% to 50%

7.     Heating system:          Natural gas burner

8.     Exist system:              batcher and plaiter.

9.     By automatic CV control system heat setting is controlled.

Recipe for Ready for print:

# whitening

Alkabrite BBU/Alkaphor BMB/ Lencophore BBU:  3gm/L

Front violate SWF:     1 gm/L

#Neutralisationa:

Acetic acid:                1 to 5 gm/L

Alkapol RGN:             0.5 to 1.1 gm/L

Recipe for Finishing:

Softener:

Super soft SIS             15 gm/L

or Super soft SIE        15 gm/L

or Sapamine CWS      6 gm/L

or Metasoft                 10 gm/L

The most common softeners are below:

1. Non-ionic Softener
2. Anionic Softener
3. Cationic Surfactants
4. Silicone-Based Softeners
5. Reactive Softeners

Non-ionic Softeners: 

Generally ethers and polyglycol esters, oxiethylates products, paraffins and fats. These softening agents are generally less efficient than anionic and cationic ones but they withstand the effects of hard waters, acid or basic environment and also in presence of cations and anions, therefore the normal fabric care conditions.

Anionic Softeners: 

Sulphoricinates, anionic surfactants produced by the condensation of fatty acids. They have good characteristics as lubricating softening agents and give the fabric a full hand; they are unstable in hard waterand acid environment. In addition, they must not cause yellowing at condensation temperatures.

Cationic Surfactants: 

Usually they are quaternary ammonium salts, amino-esters and amino amides; they are recommended for all types of fibre, and can be also applied with exhaustion process in acid environment (pH 4-5). These are the best softening agents and are also called molecular velveting. Agents because they form bonds with the cationic group on the surface of the fibre generally with negative electric potential. They can give some problem in presence of large anions, and they can cause dye toning, or a reduction in fastness to light values in the presence of direct and reactive dyes; they also have a high polluting charge as waste water (bactericides).

Silicone-Based Softeners: 

These are generally polysiloxane derivatives of low molecular weight. They are insoluble in water, and therefore must be applied on fabrics after dissolution in organic solvents, or in the form of disperse products. They feature quite good fastness to washing. They create a lubricating and moderately waterproof film on the surface and give fabrics a velvetysilky hand (desirable for velvets, upholstery fabrics and emerised fabrics)

Reactive Softeners: 

N-methylol derivatives of superior fatty amides or urea compounds replaced with fatty acids. The products have to be cross-linked and provide permanent softness and water repellency.

As explained previously, even though some softeners can be applied with exhaustion processes on yarns, when softening fabrics, the best technique is the continuous pad-wetting process followed by a drying stage in a stenter. This treatment must be carried out at the end of the finishing process; for this reason, softening is usually performed simultaneously with other dimensional stability processes (width stabilisation, weft and warp straightening). It is worth remembering that the use of softeners can reduce the fastness to rubbing of synthetic fibres dyed with disperse dyes, as the fatty surface layer tend to attract the dye molecules after hot treatments.